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• Title: Spinal Cord Injury, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions
• Author : Kenneth Kee
• Release Date : January 10, 2020
• Genre: Medical,Books,Professional & Technical,
• Pages : * pages
• Size : 410 KB

Description

This book describes Spinal Cord Injury, Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases

Christopher Reeves who was well known for his Superman movies fell from his horse in 1995 and broke his first and second vertebrae and injuring his spinal cord.
He became a tetraplegic, paralyzed from the neck downwards due to a spinal cord injury in the neck and had difficulty in breathing.
A spinal surgeon managed to join his skull back to his spinal column.
An iron lung was used to help his breathing.
He had to use a wheel chair to move around.
He started the Christopher and Dana Reeves Foundation to support the work on spinal paralysis and its treatment and was a great supporter of stem cell research for treatment of spinal injuries.

Based on statistics from the National Spinal Cord Injury Association, about 450,000 people in the USA have a spinal cord injury (SCI).

Other organizations however estimate this number to be about 250,000.

Every year, an evaluated 17,000 new SCIs happen in the USA.

Most of these are produced by trauma to the vertebral column, hence involving the spinal cord's ability to transmit and receive messages from the brain to the body's systems that regulate sensory, motor and autonomic function below the level of injury.

A spinal cord injury is trauma to the spinal cord.

It is an extremely severe form of physical injury that is likely to have a lasting and significant effect on most features of daily life.

The spinal cord is a collection of nerves and other tissue that the vertebrae of the spine holds and protects.

The vertebrae are the bones that are stacked on top of each other that make up the spine.

The spine has many nerves, and spreads from the brain’s base down the back, ending close to the buttocks.

The spinal cord is responsible for transmitting messages from the brain to all parts of the body.

It also receives messages from the body to the brain.

The body is able to feel pain and move the limbs because of nerve impulses sent through the spinal cord.

If the spinal cord meets with an injury, some or all of these messages may not be able to get through.

The result is a entire or total loss of sensation and movement below the injury.

A spinal cord injury nearer the neck will normally produce paralysis throughout a larger part of the body than one in the lower back area.

Spinal cord injury and infarction happen less frequently than cerebral infarction (stroke) but cause significant mortality, disability, and decreased quality of life in survivors.

Modern imaging methods and better diagnostic criteria have raised awareness of spinal cord infarction.

With prompt medical recognition and judicious use of diagnostic tests such as imaging studies, many patients can have good functional outcomes with comprehensive medical follow-up, occupational therapy, and rehabilitation.

There is at present still no cure or treatment for (chronic) spinal cord injury.

New researches on SCI are:
1. Stem cell transplantation treatments, possibly combined with grow-factors or molecule to improve nerve re-growth or methods to neutralize the growth inhibitors factors, and
2. Bio-material scaffolds to guide nerve re-growth and
3. Other methods encouraging neuro-plasticity i.e. the restructuring of signals of the brain and spinal cord nerves.

In May 2019 the research group will get umbilical cord blood stem cell injections plus six weeks of oral lithium plus intensive rehab.

The research in University of California San Diego focuses on the use of a type of stem cell known as a neural precursor cell, which can differentiate into different types of neural cells and hold great potential in repairing damaged spines.

TABLE OF CONTENT
Introduction
Chapter 1 Spinal Cord Injury
Chapter 2 Causes
Chapter 3 Symptoms
Chapter 4 Diagnosis
Chapter 5 Treatment
Chapter 6 Prognosis
Chapter 7 Neck Trauma
Chapter 8 Tetraplegia
Epilogue

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